Grain dust is always a health concern for Iowa farmers and those working in the grain industry. Drought conditions this year may elevate human and animal health concerns because of increased dust and mold exposure. Grain dust contains more than just plant material and dirt. It can also contain molds and spores, insect parts and debris, bacteria, chemicals, or plant toxins. Exposure to low levels of grain dust during normal working conditions often causes reactions that are a nuisance, such as a cough, sore throat, nose and eye irritation, or feeling stuffed up or congested. People with chronic breathing problems or asthma may experience more symptoms or asthma attacks when exposed to high dust and mold levels.

This year’s drought may increase dust during harvest. The drought has also created conditions favorable to the production of mold and associated toxins. Guthrie County Extension Officer Mary Ebert says common symptoms include cough, headache, chest tightness, muscle aches, fever, or generally not feeling well. If you have any of these symptoms, see your medical provider.

Ebert says to protect yourself during harvest you should avoid direct exposures to dust whenever possible & when working in extremely dusty conditions use a NIOSH-approved and certified “N-95” respirator that fits you properly.  N-95 respirators must be used only with a clean shaven face to ensure proper fit.  People with chronic respiratory health issues should avoid dust exposure. If you have been exposed to large amounts of dust and you begin to feel ill, you should contact your medical provider for a proper medical evaluation.

For more information, Ebert advises you contact the Iowa Occupational Safety and Health Consultation and Education program at 515-281-7629, or the State Environmental Toxicologist at 515-281-8707